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Who Believes...
that Baptism produces a result?

Who believes When? Who Doesn't believe? When?
Jesus  (John 3:5)
Peter  (Acts 2:38, 1 Pet 3:21)
Ananias  (Acts 22:16)
Shepherd of Hermas
Epistle of Barnabas
Justin Martyr
Clement of Alexandria
Clement of Rome
Tertullian
Hippolytus
Origen
The Nicene Creed I acknowledge one Baptism for the remission of sins;
John Chrysostom
Donatists
Jerome
Augustine
Waldenses
Martin Luther
John Calvin
English Baptists
John Wesley
27 a.d.
30 
38 
130 
130 
150
180
180?
190
200
225
325
330
360
390
420
1150
1540
1536
1609
1759

 

small groups of Gnostics


 

140 a.d.

 

Mormons *
Coptic Church
Roman Catholics
Eastern Orthodox
Church of England (Anglican)
Lutheran Church
Presbyterian Church
Episcopal Church (Am. Anglican)
Churches of Christ
7th Day Adventists
1834 Mormons *
Jehovah's Witnesses
Quakers
American Baptists
Pentecostal Churches
Church of England *
Presbyterian Church *
Charismatic Movement
Christian Scientists
Unitarians
Assembly of God
X'n & Missionary Alliance
1830
* The Mormons began without any doctrine of Baptism at all, but through the agency of a member of the Restoration Movement defecting to their ranks, they afterward formulated a similar doctrine, adding to it the doctrine of proxy baptism or "baptism for the dead".
* The Church of England and Presbyterian Church appear also on the right side because, although their founding documents put them originally on the left side, the general view of their members and quite a few of their preachers puts them currently on the right (maybe).
The dates given above, down to Augustine, are only approximate, since we do not know exactly what year a given writer issued his particular statements.  However, the dates given represent the time frame at which the writer expressed himself.  These names and groups represent only those who actually expressed in writing a definite and specific statement about baptism and the remission of sins (or entering the Church or Christ).  The omission of other names, such as Ireneaus or Cyprian or Athanasius does not mean they had different views, only that they did not write specific statements on the subject.  However, what they and many others did write indicates clearly a belief that submitting to Christian baptism resulted in the person receiving at least three blessings (Acts 2:38) and that it was necessary for salvation.  Even Calvin finally agreed with this, as shown in his 4th volume of the Institutes.

Likewise, by the Denominations mentioned, it is not intended to mean that all members of such groups, or even all congregations within a group, agree with such a position, but that for the most part, the officially stated position is as indicated.

It should also be mentioned that while most of those on the right column believe baptism is necessary because Jesus commanded it, they do not believe it actually accomplishes anything, making it essentially a mere religious rite.  A couple of the groups spiritualize it and do not practice any physical act at all.  Some, while disbelieving that baptism has any result, still require it in the belief that through baptism one enters the Church, Christ's body.  Most require baptism, before sharing in the Eucharist is offered, implying that there is some inherent difference that exists before and after baptism.

Those who place themselves on the right and claim that this is the majority view should note that, the Eastern Church is numbered at about 200 million, the Roman Catholic at more than that, the Lutheran, Coptic, etc. churches at another large number.  All combined the number would easily approach a half billion or more.  The few groups listed on the right combined altogether might possibly approach 20% of that number, though it is doubtful.

Finally, to confirm the listing of denominations above, it should be noted that:
- The Lutheran, English, and French churches began as Roman Catholics.
- Lutheran churches follow Luther, who was a committed Roman Catholic and Augustinian monk..
- Methodist churches were started by Wesley, who was a preacher in good standing with the Church of England at the time.
- Calvin, originally a French Roman Catholic, started the Presbyterian (also called Reformed) churches.
Since there is no evidence at all that these men changed the doctrinal views about baptism from their parent churches, the doctrinal statements--as shown by the pages linked to them--of the founders of these three major denominations testify to the original and long term position of the parent and daughter denominations themselves.
 
 

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This page last updated 21-Feb-2004.