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How Many Ways Are There To Be Justified?

Mt 12:37 For you shall be justified by your words, and by your words you shall be condemned.

* Acts 13:39 And  all that believe  are justified by him from all things, from which you could not be justified by the law of Moses.

Rom 3:28 Therefore we conclude that a man is justified by faith apart from the deeds of the law.

Rom 4:2 For IF Abraham were justified by works, then he has a reason to glory; but not before God.

Rom 5:1 Therefore being justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ:

Rom 5:9 Much more then, being now justified by his blood, we shall be saved from wrath through him.

* Gal 2:16 Knowing that a man is not justified by the works of the law, but [is justified] by the faith of Jesus Christ, even we have believed in Jesus Christ, that we may be justified by the faith of Christ, and not by the works of the law: for by the works of the law shall no flesh be justified.

Gal 2:17 But if, while we seek to be justified by Christ, we ourselves also are found sinners, is therefore Christ the minister of sin? By no means.

Gal 3:11 But that no man is justified by the law in the sight of God, is evident: for, "The just shall live by faith".

Gal 3:24 Wherefore the law was our schoolmaster to bring us to Christ, that we might be justified by faith.

Gal 5:4 Christ is become of no effect to you, whoever of you are justified by the law; ye have fallen from grace.

Tit 3:7 That being justified by his grace, we should be made heirs according to the hope of eternal life.

* Jas 2:21 Was not Abraham our father justified by works, when he had offered Isaac his son upon the altar?

* Jas  2:24 You see then, that a man is justified by works, and not only by faith.

* Jas 2:25 Likewise also was not Rahab the harlot justified by works, when she had received the messengers, and had sent [them] out another way?


So, according to these scriptures, we can be justified:
    by Christ,
    by faith,
    by our words,
    by him (Jesus),
    by the faith of Jesus Christ,
    by his (Jesus') blood,
    by his grace and
    by works.

Likewise, you can NOT be justified:
    by the law of Moses,
    by the law,
    by works of the law,
    by deeds of the law, or
    by faith only.

Please note carefully, that in Paul's writings, "the law" undoubtedly refers to "the law of Moses" even when he does not specifically so qualify it.  This is especially true when his audience is Jewish (Acts 13; Rom 2-4) or was being swayed by Jewish influences (Rom 4; Gal).  In Rom 4, Abraham of course could not have been justified by works (of the law), since the law was not yet given (Rom 5:12-14), but IF he could, then...

In the same way, when James speaks of "works", even though his target audience is Jewish (Jam 1:1), he is NOT referring to works of the law, but to works engendered by the faith of the person.  In James' examples of Abraham and Rahab this is made clear, since--again--the law had not yet been given, nor had any convenant/contract obligation been entered into relative to it.  Yet, Abraham acted and Rahab acted from their belief or faith in God.  Thus, their deeds, their "works" were not in response to the law.  The law never commanded anyone to sacrifice their child.  The law never commanded anyone to be a traitor to their own people and protect spies of a foreign nation.  Nor is it recorded that God instructed or commanded Rahab to do what she did.  So, while it could be said Abraham's "deed" was from obedience, the same cannot be said about Rahab.  This leads us to think that James thought Abraham to have acted out of faith, not (simply) out of obedience.

It is equally clear, if the whole Bible be accepted "for reproof and instruction" that faith alone or faith only cannot justify anyone.



David L. Mohn
Chinese Christian Seminary
Sham Shui Po, Hong Kong SAR
7 July, 2001